Writing SMART Goals

Medicaid Toolkit

Writing SMART goals (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Timely) creates a clear roadmap for treatment, supports clinical decision making, and provides objective evidence of progress. These goals also help demonstrate medical necessity and justify the continuation of services or discharge.

SMART Goals:

  • Specific
  • Measurable
  • Achievable 
  • Relevant to documented deficit
  • Timely

Specific

  • Clinicians should identify the subject (client/patient/student) of the goal. 
  • Goals should clearly describe the skill (or impairment) being worked on.

Measurable

  • Goals should be observable and measurable. Clinicians should include frequency (10 utterances), duration (attended for two minutes), or occurrence (four out of five attempts). 
  • Clinicians should answer the following questions: Under what conditions and context will the goal be measured (within small groups, across environments)? Will the clinician be providing a certain level of assistance or cueing (visual cues, verbal prompts)? What type of support will the patient receive (without support, faded prompts)? 

Achievable

  • The goal should be reasonable based on the patient's current status and specific challenges. Clinicians should ensure the patient has the resources and time needed to meet the goal and should consider the patient's physical, cognitive, social, and environmental barriers.

Relevant

  • The steps needed to reach the goal should be logical, in line with overall objectives for the patient, and unique to the patient. Clinicians should answer the following questions: Why is achieving this goal important to this patient? Is the goal applicable to the patient’s functional status? (For example, goals for a child should be within the developmental level of the child.)

Timely

  • Clinicians should clearly state the timeframe for achieving the goal. Time is tangible, measurable, and specific. Clinicians should determine a clear deadline for each goal and avoid using "by discharge." For example, if the plan of care is written for 12 weeks, then short-term goals should be achievable within this timeframe.

Examples of SMART Goals

Within four weeks, the patient will use a speech-generating device to communicate basic medical, safety, and personal care needs (e.g., pain, toileting, hunger, assistance requests) to familiar, trained partners in 80% of opportunities and no more than one verbal cue across three consecutive therapy sessions.

To improve speech intelligibility and increase communication with peers and family, Alexis will independently produce “r” in the initial position of target words within individual therapy and small groups with 80% accuracy across three sessions. 

Within 12 weeks, Seth will expand his expressive vocabulary to verbally request familiar items during 15 minutes of structured play within the home environment with no more than two semantic cues.

Within four weeks, the patient will independently use rotary chewing, effective bolus manipulation skills, and alternating solids and liquids to consume IDDSI level 5–7 textures with no more than trace oral residuals between bites across three consecutive therapy sessions.

Given visual and verbal cues, Maria will increase independence for following instructions during grooming routines (bathroom, bath, getting dressed) by receptively identifying common items within her environment with 75% accuracy across three sessions by January 2028.

Given visual supports and up to one adult prompt, student will use context clues to define curriculum-based vocabulary words in four out of five opportunities across three sessions by May 2026 in order to participate in classroom discussions.

Within eight weeks, David will independently use a strategy of choice to reduce physical tension and fear of stuttering during a personally relevant communication activity (e.g., phone call, work meeting, social conversation) in four out of five opportunities.

Resources

ASHA

Minnesota Department of Health Resource

Questions? Contact reimbursement@asha.org. 


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