Cognitive Referencing

Cognitive Referencing is the practice of comparing IQ scores and language scores as a factor for determining eligibility for speech-language intervention. Cognitive referencing is based on the assumption that language functioning cannot surpass cognitive levels. However, according to research, some language abilities may in fact surpass cognitive levels. Therefore, ASHA does not support the use of cognitive referencing.

ASHA Practice Policy

• Access to Communication Services and Supports: Concerns Regarding the Application of Restrictive "Eligibility" Policies
• Admission/Discharge Criteria in Speech-Language Pathology

ASHA Journal Articles

Read related articles from the American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, and Language, Speech and Hearing Services in Schools and Perspectives (ASHA's Special Interest Division newsletter)

• Discrepancy Models and the Discrepancy Between Policy and Evidence [PDF] (1996 Perspectives article from Language, Learning and Education Special Interest Division 1)
• 2000 Division 1 Language, Learning and Education Perspectives Newsletter [PDF] (collection of articles dedicated to Cognitive Referencing)

The ASHA Leader

 Read articles from ASHA's magazine. 

Related Resources

• Eligiblity and Dismissal Criteria Including Adverse Affect
• Appropriate Communication Services: General Eligibility Policies