Swallowing Problems (Dysphagia) After
Head and Neck Cancer
What are swallowing problems after head and neck cancer?
People who have been treated for head and neck cancer, such as
laryngeal
cancer
or
oral cancer, often experience swallowing problems (dysphagia). The
seriousness of the swallowing problem depends on the type and
nature of the treatment, the size and location of the tumor, and
the nature of any reconstruction.
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What are some signs or symptoms of swallowing problems after head
and neck cancer?
Individuals treated for head and neck cancer may experience
any or all of the following swallowing problems:
- the need to swallow many times to clear food from the mouth
and throat
- gurgly, wet-sounding voice after swallowing
- coughing or choking
- throat clearing while eating
- pain and dryness when swallowing
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How are swallowing problems after head and neck cancer
diagnosed?
Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) typically see a person
prior to medical or surgical intervention. The SLP will discuss
possible changes in speech and swallowing. After the
intervention, the SLP will evaluate the individual to determine
the nature of any swallowing disorder and the appropriate diet
for that person. The person may initially have a feeding tube
through his or her nose until swelling from surgery goes down. If
the SLP suspects a pharyngeal swallowing problem, additional
studies may be recommended to determine the risk of
aspiration.
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What treatments are available for people with swallowing problems
after head and neck cancer?
If the individual requires treatment for swallowing problems,
the SLP can work with him or her to improve swallowing
function.
Therapy may include:
- muscle exercises
- compensatory strategies
- head postures ( e.g., chin tucks or turning the head to one
side may help for a safe swallow)
- designing a safe diet
- safe swallow techniques
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What other organizations have information on swallowing problems
after head and neck cancer?
This list is not exhaustive and inclusion does not imply
endorsement of the organization or the content of the Web site
by ASHA.
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See Also:
Swallowing Problems After Head and Neck Cancer:
Causes and Number
Swallowing Problems After Head and Neck Cancer:
Benefits of Speech-Language Pathology Services