American Speech-Language-Hearing Association

Tip Sheet

News:

Facts:

The Facts on Literacy

The National Literacy Act of 1991 defines literacy as "an individual's ability to read, write, and speak in English and compute and solve problems at levels of proficiency necessary to function on the job and in society, to achieve one's goals, and to develop one's knowledge and potential."

Research indicates that 17-20% of our nation's children experience substantial difficulties in learning to read, and that more than a third of students in fourth grade (and nearly 70% in some low-income urban schools) read below the basic level. Children who are not fluent readers by fourth grade are likely to continue struggling with reading into adulthood, making early identification and intervention of reading problems essential to a child's success in both school and society.

ASHA-certified speech-language pathologists possess the knowledge and training to support the development of spoken language as a foundation for learning to read and write. For more information and free brochures on literacy and children or a referral to an ASHA-certified speech-language pathologist, consumers may call 800-638-8255 (Spanish-speaking operators are available) or go to http://www.asha.org/ .

Early Literacy

Did You Know?

  • 1 out of every 5 of our nation's school-age children suffer from reading failures.
  • A majority of all poor readers have an early history of spoken-language deficits.
  • A child who is not a fluent reader by 4 th grade is likely to struggle with reading in adulthood.
  • Poor reading and writing skills have a devastating lifelong impact - 75% of school dropouts report reading problems, and at least half of adolescents and young adults with criminal records have reading difficulties.
Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have specialized knowledge and experience needed to identify communication problems and to provide the help that children need to build critical language and literacy skills. SLPs are often the first professionals to identify the root cause of reading and writing problems through the child's difficulty with language. With their help, children can build the skills they need to succeed in school and in life.

For more information or a referral to an ASHA-certified speech-language pathologist, consumers may call 800-638-8255 (Spanish-speaking operators are available).

ASHA's Literacy Gateway

In November 2003, ASHA launched the Literacy Gateway on ASHA's Web site. The gateway features an efficient and user-friendly way to access information regarding literacy, including articles from the ASHA Leader related to literacy, ASHA journal articles, products from ASHA's product catalog, links to related Web sites, and more.

For information, go to the Literacy Gateway .

Media inquiries:

Members of the media may contact ASHA's media relations office for more information or help with stories.

B-roll on milestones in speech, language, and hearing development as well as communication disorders and aging, are available for broadcast stories.

Consumers may contact ASHA's Action Center for more information at 800-638-8255. Spanish-speaking operators are available.

Facts:

Speech-language pathologists are the professionals concerned with evaluation, treatment, prevention, and research in human communication and its development and disorders. They evaluate, diagnose, and treat speech and language disorders and work with individuals of all ages, from infants to the elderly. Their work encompasses speech problems, such as those related to fluency, articulation, and voice disorders, as well as issues regarding language, learning and literacy.

Communication disorders affect approximately 46 million Americans. Of these, 28 million have a hearing loss, 14 million have a speech or language disorder, and 4 million have a related disorder.

The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) is the national professional, scientific and credentialing association for more than 127,000 audiologists, speech-language pathologists and speech, language, and hearing scientists.

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