Providing Transgender/Transsexual Voice Services

ASHA Policy Documents

• Cultural Competence in Professional Service Delivery
• Position Statement
• Professional Issues Statement

• Knowledge and Skills Needed by Speech-Language Pathologists and Audiologists to Provide Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services
• Issues in Ethics: Cultural and Linguistic Competence

The ASHA Leader Articles

• Culture and Sexual Orientation
• Voice Program Assists Transgender Community

Additional Resources

Journal Articles

Male-to-Female

• Acoustic and perceptual implications of the transsexual voice
• Aerodynamic Analysis of Male-to-Female Transgender Voice
• Changing the vocal characteristics of a postoperative transsexual patient: A longitudinal study
• Communicative satisfaction of male-to-female transsexuals
• Comparison of acoustic and perceptual measures of voice in male-to-female transsexuals perceived as female versus those perceived as male
• Cricothyroid approximation and Subluxation in 21 Male-to-Female Transsexuals
• The Effectiveness of Oral Resonance Therapy on the Perception of Femininity of Voice in Male-to-Female Transsexuals
• Efficacy of Conservative Voice Treatment in Male-to-Female Transsexuals
• Evaluation of the effectiveness of voice therapy with a male-to-female transsexual subject
• Evaluation of vocal pitch in male transsexuals
• Long-term maintenance of fundamental frequency increases in male-to-female transsexuals
• Pitch change in male-to-female transsexuals: has phonosurgery a role to play?
• Pitch-Raising Surgery in Fourteen Male-to-Female Transsexuals
• The role of voice therapy in male-to-female transsexuals: Current Opinion
• Speech Characteristics of Male-to-Female Transsexuals: A Perceptual and Acoustic Study
• Speech Therapy in the Management of Male-to-Female Transsexuals

Female-to-Male

• Voice and physical appearance in Female-to-Male Transsexuals

• Voice problems in female-to-male transsexuals

Surgical Interventions 

• Cricothyroid approximation and Subluxation in 21 Male-to-Female Transsexuals
• Pitch change in male-to-female transsexuals: has phonosurgery a role to play?
• Pitch-Raising Surgery in Fourteen Male-to-Female Transsexuals

Case Management 

• Breathiness as a Feminine Voice Characteristic: A perceptual approach
• Management of the transgender voice
• Voice change in transsexuals
• Voice transformation using PSOLA technique

External Organizations

• Creating Safe Space for GLBTQ Youth: A Toolkit [PDF]
• Promoting Cultural Diversity and Cultural and Linguistic Competency: Self-Assessment Checklist for Personnel Providing Services and Supports to LGBTQ Youth and Their Families [PDF]

Consumer Information

Voice and Communication Therapy for Transgender/Transsexual Clients